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India’s ports recorded a decline in export-import cargo volumes in April as escalating tensions in West Asia and disruptions around the Strait of Hormuz weighed on shipments of crude oil, coal and fertilisers.
Data from the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways showed that combined overseas cargo handled at major and non-major ports fell nearly 2 per cent year-on-year during the month. The slowdown extended a trend that began after the outbreak of the Israel-Iran conflict earlier this year, which has unsettled maritime trade flows across the region. The impact was most visible in energy-linked cargoes. Indian ports continued to report lower volumes of crude oil and petroleum products, reflecting the country’s heavy dependence on shipping routes through the Strait of Hormuz for energy imports. Fertiliser and coal movements were also affected amid heightened geopolitical uncertainty and disruptions to vessel movement in the region.
Several ports on India’s western coastline registered weaker overseas cargo activity during the month. Deendayal Port Authority at Kandla, one of the country’s largest cargo gateways, posted an 11 per cent fall in international cargo volumes. Ports including Cochin, New Mangalore, Paradip and Kolkata also reported declines in exim traffic.
The Gujarat Maritime Board, which oversees major private ports such as Mundra and Pipavav along with refinery-linked captive terminals, handled about 32 million tonnes of cargo in April, down 2 per cent from the same period last year.
In contrast, Maharashtra-based Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPA) and Mumbai Port recorded strong growth in cargo handling, processing more than 15 million tonnes collectively. JNPA has emerged as a critical hub for cargo linked to West Asia, resulting in congestion pressures in recent weeks.
To address operational bottlenecks, Union Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal and Shipping Minister Sarbananda Sonowal recently reviewed congestion issues at JNPA, particularly shortages of trailer drivers at container freight stations. Authorities subsequently announced temporary waivers on certain railway handling and transport-related charges to ease pressure on exporters and importers.
Despite the weakness in overseas trade, domestic coastal cargo provided some support to overall port activity. Major ports reported a 17 per cent rise in coastal cargo volumes in April, while non-major ports posted a 6 per cent increase, helping cushion the broader decline in maritime trade.
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India and the European Union (EU) have launched an industry coalition to develop a green shipping corridor between the two markets, marking a significant step towards cleaner maritime trade and the adoption of low-emission fuels. The initiative was announced during the third edition of Sagar Manthan 2026 and aims to bring industry stakeholders together to advance greener maritime routes and supporting infrastructure. Shipping Secretary Vijay Kumar said the coalition would help translate cooperation between India and the EU into practical industry partnerships focused on cleaner maritime operations. The initiative comes at a time when the global shipping sector is navigating geopolitical disruptions, supply-chain vulnerabilities, climate pressures and rapid technological changes. The coalition is expected to provide a platform for companies and other stakeholders to collaborate on the development of green shipping infrastructure, alternative fuels and lower-emission maritime trade routes. Greater international cooperation and private investment will be critical to building resilient maritime supply chains while enabling emerging economies to participate in the global transition towards cleaner energy. As part of its broader maritime decarbonisation strategy, India is also targeting a substantial increase in renewable energy use at its major ports. The country plans to raise the share of renewable energy in the overall energy consumption of major ports to more than 60% by 2030 and above 90% by 2047. The transition is also extending to harbour craft. Diesel-powered harbour tugs are being progressively replaced with green-powered vessels, while Deendayal Port at Kandla, Paradip Port and V.O. Chidambaranar Port at Tuticorin have been identified as green hydrogen hubs. These ports are being positioned to support the production, storage and bunkering of cleaner fuels, including green hydrogen. The green shipping corridor initiative also aligns with India's wider plans to expand maritime infrastructure and capacity. The government is targeting total port capacity of 10 billion tonnes annually by 2047. Major ports handled more than 915 million tonnes of cargo in 2025-26, compared with 581 million tonnes in 2014-15. Cargo transported through national waterways has also increased substantially, reaching 218 million tonnes from 18 million tonnes in 2013-14. The India-EU green shipping corridor could therefore serve as a framework for aligning cleaner fuels, port infrastructure, vessel operations and international trade. By bringing industry participation into the decarbonisation process, the coalition could help accelerate investment and create commercially viable pathways for lower-emission shipping between India and Europe. 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐲 𝐓𝐮𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 CARGOCONNECT 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐮𝐩𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬!
India’s maritime sector is entering a new phase of transformation, with the focus shifting from policy formulation to effective implementation, technology adoption and measurable outcomes. The message emerged prominently during discussions around the country’s evolving maritime strategy, highlighting the need to translate long-term policy objectives into operational capabilities. The transition reflects a broader effort to strengthen India’s maritime ecosystem through coordinated action across infrastructure, institutions, technology, skills and processes. With a comprehensive policy framework and long-term maritime vision already in place, the emphasis is increasingly on execution supported by clearly defined targets and measurable key performance indicators (KPIs). Technology is emerging as a critical enabler of this shift. Digital systems, data-driven decision-making, research, innovation and entrepreneurship are expected to connect policy intent with implementation and ultimately deliver tangible improvements across maritime operations. The approach also underscores the importance of developing skilled human capital capable of supporting a technology-led and increasingly sustainable maritime industry. India’s maritime transformation is also being reflected at the operational level. Ports are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence and digital technologies to improve efficiency, resilience, safety and competitiveness. Recent industry discussions have highlighted the potential of AI-enabled systems to support predictive operations, integrated data management and smarter decision-making across ports. The shift from policy to practice is therefore becoming a defining feature of India’s maritime development agenda. Rather than measuring progress solely through policies and infrastructure creation, the sector is moving towards evaluating outcomes through operational performance, technology deployment, institutional coordination and workforce capability. As India pursues its ambition of becoming a globally competitive maritime power, effective implementation will remain central to translating strategic objectives into real-world outcomes. The emerging approach positions technology, innovation and execution as key pillars of India’s maritime transformation. 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐲 𝐓𝐮𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 CARGOCONNECT 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐮𝐩𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬!
Chennai Port Authority has sought government approval for a ₹17,000 crore outer harbour project that will add 5 million TEUs of container capacity in two phases. The project is proposed to be developed through a hybrid public-private model, with marine works such as breakwater construction, dredging and reclamation planned under the Hybrid Annuity Mode (HAM) at an estimated cost of ₹7,000 crore. Container terminals will be developed through a DBFOT concession with private investment. The first phase is planned with an 18-metre draft, followed by a second phase with a 21-metre draft, enabling the facility to handle larger vessels and additional transhipment cargo. The proposal comes as Chennai’s existing container terminals face capacity constraints, while the port’s location within the city limits limits further expansion of current facilities. The outer harbour is expected to support gateway cargo from Tamil Nadu’s manufacturing and export sectors while strengthening Chennai’s role in east coast transhipment. Subject to approval, the project could be awarded by mid-to-late 2027, with construction expected to begin in 2028 and container operations targeted for 2033. The outer harbour is also expected to include berths supporting the requirements of the Indian Navy and Coast Guard. Follow CARGOCONNECT for more such updates
