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India’s inland waterway cargo traffic reached 218 million metric tonnes in the 2025–26 financial year, exceeding the 200-million-tonne target set under Maritime India Vision 2030. The milestone reflects the sector’s expansion over the past decade, as the government continues to develop navigation infrastructure, improve operational information and encourage cargo owners to consider waterway-based freight solutions.
According to government figures highlighted on 16 October 2026, inland waterway cargo increased from 29 million tonnes in 2014–15 to 218 million tonnes in 2025–26. The latest volume is 18 million tonnes above the 2030 benchmark, representing a 9% increase over the target. The next challenge for the sector is to translate higher cargo volumes into dependable, commercially competitive freight services that can connect waterways with road and rail networks.
Inland Waterway Network Continues to Expand:
India has 111 National Waterways spanning 20,187 kilometres across 23 states and four Union Territories. However, 32 waterways, covering 5,155 kilometres, were operational as of March 2026. The distinction between designated and operational waterways remains important for cargo owners and logistics providers. Commercial services require navigable channels, suitable terminals, reliable vessel operations and effective connections to production and consumption centres.
The Union Budget 2026–27 announced plans to operationalise 20 additional National Waterways over five years. The initiative forms part of the broader effort to expand the availability of inland water transport and strengthen its role in the national freight network. Longer-term policy ambitions include increasing inland water transport’s share of freight movement from approximately 2% to 5% and reaching 500 million tonnes of cargo by 2047.
Navigation Information Becomes Critical to Operations:
As cargo volumes rise, navigation reliability and access to timely operational information are becoming increasingly important.
By September 2026, regular surveys monitoring the deepest navigable channel covered 22 National Waterways. Depending on local requirements, surveys are conducted weekly, fortnightly or monthly to assess available depth and support decisions on vessel draft and cargo loading.
Electronic Navigational Charts had also been prepared for 18 operational and tidal waterways. Digital platforms, including PANI and IWAI Vessel Tracker, provide navigation-related information to operators. Access to more reliable data can help vessel operators plan voyages, determine loading conditions and manage schedules. However, digital information must be supported by physical infrastructure and fairway maintenance to ensure that waterways remain usable under changing conditions.
For freight customers, the effectiveness of these measures will depend on whether they improve service consistency, vessel utilisation and the predictability of cargo movements.
Jalvahak Scheme Seeks to Encourage Cargo Shift:
Financial incentives are another element of the government’s strategy to increase waterway utilisation.
Launched in December 2024, the Jalvahak scheme provides incentives of up to 35% of eligible operating expenditure for the waterway leg of qualifying cargo movements. The scheme covers National Waterways 1, 2 and 16, along with eligible routes under the Indo-Bangladesh Protocol.
A separate component supports scheduled services operated by Inland and Coastal Shipping Limited, with funding from the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI). The scheme addresses a key challenge in multimodal logistics: while water transport may offer advantages over certain long-distance road movements, additional handling, terminal charges and connecting transport can affect the overall cost of delivery.
The incentive excludes first- and last-mile expenditure. Cargo owners must therefore evaluate the full logistics chain, including terminal handling, connecting road or rail transport, sailing frequency, transit time and delivery requirements. The commercial viability of waterway freight ultimately depends on the cost and reliability of the complete journey rather than the waterborne segment alone.
Infrastructure Supports Multimodal Freight Movement:
Infrastructure developed under the Jal Marg Vikas Project provides part of the foundation for cargo operations along National Waterway 1. Key developments include multimodal terminals at Varanasi, Sahibganj and Haldia, an intermodal terminal at Kalughat and a navigation lock at Farakka. These facilities are intended to support cargo handling and connect river transport with inland logistics networks.
Private investment is also being encouraged to expand terminal infrastructure. The National Waterways (Construction of Jetties/Terminals) Regulations, 2025 established a framework intended to facilitate the development of jetties and terminals by companies, public bodies and joint ventures. The combination of infrastructure investment, navigation support and cargo incentives is intended to create more opportunities for businesses to incorporate inland waterways into their transport strategies.
Commercial Competitiveness Remains the Next Test:
Crossing the 200-million-tonne target represents a significant milestone in the expansion of India’s inland waterway cargo business. Sustaining this growth will require more than increasing aggregate tonnage. For manufacturers, exporters, importers and logistics providers, key considerations include predictable transit times, dependable vessel schedules, adequate terminal capacity and effective road and rail connections.
Cargo volumes also need to be assessed alongside the distances travelled and the economics of individual routes. Tonnage measures the quantity of cargo handled, while tonne-kilometres account for both cargo weight and distance, offering a different perspective on freight activity. As additional waterways become operational and supporting infrastructure develops, the sector’s progress will increasingly depend on its ability to secure regular commercial cargo commitments.
For India’s logistics industry, the priority is now to turn the expansion in inland waterway traffic into reliable, cost-effective and integrated freight services that can support long-term supply chain development.
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Container Corporation of India Limited (CONCOR) has collaborated with Aiyer Shipping to strengthen its overseas shipping services and expand integrated logistics solutions for export-import (EXIM) trade. Announced on 30 October 2026, the collaboration aims to improve international shipping connectivity and provide exporters and importers with more coordinated, efficient and reliable multimodal logistics services. The partnership brings together CONCOR’s established inland container transportation and terminal infrastructure with Aiyer Shipping’s broader shipping and freight forwarding capabilities. By strengthening the link between domestic cargo movement and international shipping, the initiative seeks to improve access to overseas markets and support the evolving logistics requirements of Indian businesses engaged in cross-border trade. Strengthening Multimodal Logistics Connectivity CONCOR operates an extensive network of container terminals and rail-based freight services that connect inland production and consumption centres with gateway ports. Its FY2025–26 annual report records 68 terminals as of 31 March 2026, supported by a fleet of 424 rakes and an inventory of 57,746 containers. This infrastructure provides a foundation for moving containerised cargo between inland locations and ports. Aiyer Shipping’s published service portfolio includes container-line agency services, sea freight, freight forwarding, Customs clearance, warehousing and multimodal transportation. Its capabilities also cover full-container-load (FCL) and less-than-container-load (LCL) shipments, as well as breakbulk, bulk and project cargo. These services offer relevant expertise for coordinating different stages of international cargo movement, although the specific services covered under the new collaboration have not been individually disclosed. For exporters and importers, closer coordination between inland transportation and maritime shipping can help streamline shipment planning, equipment positioning and documentation. Aligning inland cargo arrivals with vessel schedules and port cut-off times is particularly important for maintaining predictable transit times and avoiding unnecessary delays across the supply chain. Expanding Overseas Trade Opportunities The collaboration reflects CONCOR’s broader approach of working with maritime partners to extend the reach of its inland logistics network. In June 2024, the company signed a separate memorandum of understanding with Shipping Corporation of India to explore opportunities in integrated logistics, overseas shipping and coastal and inland-waterway transportation. The Aiyer Shipping arrangement adds to this wider effort to strengthen links between inland cargo infrastructure and international maritime services. However, the commercial impact of the latest collaboration will depend on its implementation, including the services made available, the international connections offered and the level of coordination achieved across the shipment cycle. Specific routes, sailing schedules, tariffs and projected cargo volumes have not been disclosed in the announcement. For India’s EXIM sector, stronger cooperation between inland logistics operators and shipping service providers can help create more connected supply chains. As the collaboration develops, its ability to offer reliable cargo movement, competitive overall logistics costs and smoother access to overseas markets will be key measures of its value to customers. 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐲 𝐓𝐮𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 CARGOCONNECT 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐮𝐩𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬!
The Government of India has extended the Resilience & Logistics Intervention for Export Facilitation (RELIEF) scheme until March 31, 2027, to support exporters facing continued geopolitical disruptions in West Asia. The extension aims to provide greater insurance protection and cost certainty for eligible shipments as maritime logistics across the Gulf and neighbouring regions remain under pressure. The Department of Commerce announced the extension under Component II of RELIEF, an initiative operating within the government’s Export Promotion Mission (EPM). The revised timeline was notified through notification, in response to the continuing impact of regional instability on shipping operations and export trade. Enhanced Insurance Cover for Eligible Exporters Under Component II, the Export Credit Guarantee Corporation of India (ECGC) facilitates enhanced risk coverage of up to 95% for eligible losses arising from war-related and associated political risks, subject to policy conditions and verification. The scheme also protects eligible exporters against increases in insurance premiums beyond pre-disruption levels during the specified period. The benefit applies to qualifying standalone and whole-turnover insurance policies obtained on or after March 16, 2026. Eligible cargo categories include Full Container Load (FCL), Less than Container Load (LCL) and refrigerated container shipments, while energy shipments are excluded. Exporters must meet the prescribed policy and shipment requirements to access the benefits. Logistics Disruptions Continue to Challenge Trade The extension comes amid persistent challenges for exporters, including elevated freight rates, port congestion, uncertain transit schedules and higher operating costs. Disruptions to maritime routes have affected cargo movement through key West Asian trade corridors, complicating shipment planning and increasing financial pressure on businesses with limited margins. Exporters dealing in agricultural commodities and other price-sensitive products are particularly vulnerable, as additional freight and insurance expenses can erode profitability. Smaller exporters may also face difficulties managing delayed payments and maintaining reliable delivery schedules. By extending RELIEF, the government aims to strengthen exporters’ ability to manage eligible geopolitical risks and maintain trade continuity with designated markets. The measure is particularly relevant for businesses dependent on containerised maritime shipments to the Gulf and adjoining regions. However, the scheme does not guarantee lower freight charges or eliminate operational disruptions. Its effectiveness will depend on exporters securing eligible insurance cover and complying with documentation and claim requirements. The extension provides a longer window of risk protection as Indian exporters navigate an uncertain trade environment, while the stability of shipping routes and logistics costs will remain critical to export performance in the coming months. 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐲 𝐓𝐮𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 CARGOCONNECT 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬𝐭 𝐮𝐩𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬!
Tuticorin International Container Terminal (TICT) at V.O. Chidambaranar (VOC) Port has been declared a “Green Terminal” after achieving 100% electrification of its operational equipment, according to an official statement. Union Shipping Secretary Vijay Kumar made the declaration during a review of ongoing development projects at VOC Port, valued at approximately ₹18,000 crore. As part of the terminal’s green transition, the Secretary flagged off 13 electric Internal Transfer Vehicles (E-ITVs) to support cleaner and more sustainable container-handling operations. Advancing Green Port Operations The complete electrification of TICT’s operational equipment is expected to reduce diesel consumption and local emissions from container-yard and quay operations. The initiative marks a significant step towards cleaner port logistics, as the maritime sector increasingly focuses on reducing its environmental footprint. The green terminal designation relates to the electrification of operational equipment and does not imply that visiting vessels are powered by alternative fuels. VOC Port Expands Green Energy Initiatives During the review, the Shipping Secretary also assessed several green infrastructure initiatives at VOC Port, including a pilot methanol bunkering and refuelling facility, a green hydrogen pilot project, and wind energy infrastructure. VOC Port Chairman Sushanta Kumar Purohit highlighted the port’s annual cargo-handling capacity of 82 million tonnes and its long maritime history, with trade links dating back to 123 AD. The port is also pursuing employee welfare and social infrastructure projects, including a golf course and a Kendriya Vidyalaya. Outer Harbour Project to Boost Transshipment The review also covered the outer harbour project, which is expected to add 4 million tonnes per annum of cargo-handling capacity. The project aims to strengthen Tamil Nadu’s position as a major transshipment hub for southern India. With the electrification of terminal equipment and investments in alternative fuels and green energy, VOC Port is advancing its efforts to combine sustainable port operations with expanded cargo-handling and transshipment capacity. Follow CARGOCONNECT for more such updates
